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Amy Beam

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Gopher Spurge or Euphorbia rigida is originally from the Mediterranean although this tough plant takes root in a wide variety of climates (sunset zones 4-24). Because of its blueish silver leaves, it is also referred to as Silver Spurge. This is a heat-loving plant and while it does need some water, it is ideal for a drought tolerant landscape. It ‘flowers’ in early spring or late summer. Once it reseeds, the stems will die back and should be removed (yearly). Gopher Spurge is especially beautiful in rock gardens!

Euphorbia’s are a diverse genus. Well known members are Poinsettias (Euphorbia pulcherrima) and Sticks on Fire (Euphorbia tirucalli ‘Rosea’). On the surface, it seems that these two plants would not belong to the same family. What appears to be a flower (indeed I may have referred to it that way for simplicity’s sake) is a cyathium. This is unique to Euphorbias. They have large bracts that provide color around the actual very tiny flowers in the middle of them. Many are succulents and often do well in a drought tolerant landscape. The common element that is common among Euphorbia’s is what happens when you break a stem. Euphorbias release a white, sap that looks a bit like glue. This is toxic to pets and people and can be an irritant. However, if you wear gloves while trimming the plant and then wash your hands once you are done gardening, you should be fine. Know to be careful, take precautions, and not to touch your eyes when working with these plants.

So the name Gopher Spurge, also sometimes called Gopher Purge, implies that it will help remove gophers. It was brought over to repel moles, gophers, and other rodents in gardens. I have heard mixed things about this. I would double that one plant would do the trick, but it is a good strategy to plant many along with a mix of other plants that gophers have been known to avoid. These are Rosemary, Lavender, California Lilas (ceanothus) and various types of Lilies. If the movie Caddy Shack taught us nothing else, it is the fact that eliminating gophers is nearly impossible. Keeping their numbers down in areas where they are invasive is an on-going battle. Another good resource if you have an infestation is UC Davis’ Integrated Pest Management website for great information on gopher control www.ipm.ucdavis.

Gopher Spurge plant with blooming yellow flowers in the spring in a rock garden
Gopher Spurge plant with blooming yellow cyathium (like yellow flowers) in the spring in a rock garden
Attract bees to your garden with flowers Gopher Spurge
Attract bees to your garden with flowers Gopher Spurge
Gopher Spurge at the garden center in bloom
Plant this to rid your yard of gophers

Euphorbia lathyris or Caper Spurge in a rock garden with Agave in the background

USDA Hardiness Zone: 8-11

Sunset Climate Zone: 4-24 – find your zone

Sun: Full Sun or Light Shade

Water: Low water. Tolerates drought well.

Size: Grow in height to 2 feet high and 3-5 feet long. Easy to trim back.

Note for Pets: Sap is irritating and poisonous. It should not be ingested. Because of this, it is deer resistant.

Okay, so you have your landscape barrier and your top dressing that I talked about in part one of the beginner’s guide to weeding. Fantastic work, but what gives as you still see weeds? Unfortunately (or fortunately depending on how you look at it), nature is resilient and plants that you don’t want will still find a way into your yard. Seeds will drift into your yard or be transplanted by birds. This is your garden though and you get to have some say in which plants are welcome and those that are. Since you have set yourself up for fewer weeds, the weeds that sprout up should be fewer and also much easier to remove.

Beginners guide to weeding
Make sure you pull by the base as to remove all the roots if possible

Tips for pulling up weeds yourself

I love that old saying, how do you eat an elephant? One bit at a time. Some kind of goes for weeding. A few minutes of weeding every few days can keep weeds in check.

When I weed a large area, it may seem counter-intuitive, but I take a hose and I water the area thoroughly. This is only if it has not rained much in the past few days. I know in some parts of the country, summer rains are a thing and so if the ground is moist, this doesn’t apply to you. In every part of California that I’ve lived in, this does apply though. After you water, wait 15 minutes and you can even water again. This loosens the soil from the roots and makes pulling them up that much easier.

When you do pull weeds, find the base of the weed, get a firm grip and tug. Sometimes if it doesn’t release easily, I kind of jostle it from side to side, loosening the roots and try again. If the root is in the ground, there is a possibility that it may grow, but if that does happen, don’t beat yourself up. No one is perfect.

Weeding with a weeder tool
Tools like this weeder make removing weeds with deep roots, much easier

Use the right tools for weeding

Bully hoe and Stirrup hoe make the job of weeding large and small areas so much easier. I find that a simple hand weeder is a game changer for removing weeds with a tap root, like dandelions. They are inexpensive and do a much better job or making sure the root comes out.

Getting kids to help with weeding

Weeding can be fun to do with kids. I mean this too! It isn’t always fun to do with kids just like anything, but making a game of it can be fun. We have competitions on who can fill a bucket first and we take breaks when we find cool things in the garden to show each other (like insects or interesting plants). Another competition for weeding is to find how many different weeds you can pull. If you have a particularly vast amount of weeds, this can be fun. It is always fun too to talk about how each weed/plant spreads its seeds as well.

To make it fun though, these sessions need to be short and not be a punishment. Like anything with kids, little kids may only pull a few, while larger kids can pull more. Keep your expectations realistic and know that while your immediate goal is to clear the weeds, the ultimate goal is to teach them to love and care for gardens.

What to do if have a large area of weeds to remove?

It can be overwhelming if you have a large section of your yard that is covered in weeds. It may be too much to remove by hand. I have some options that may be of help.

Mow Your Weeds

If you have a lawn, you may get weed seeds in your grass, but likely they would blow there anyway. Mowing down weeds before they flower or go to seed, helps mulch the land and also reduces infestation. You can also do a small patch with a weed whacker. After you are done, mulching the area to prevent new growth can be helpful in reducing weeds in the future.

Let goats eat your weeds

I grew up on five acres and we had several different farm animals over my lifetime, but the one constant was goats. Not only are they funny animals (that can be quite friendly if bottle fed as kids), but they will eat almost everything, even poison oak and thistles. They will eat all of your wildflowers too, but it is worth it to maintain weeds. They are natures lawn movers with the added benefit that there nugget sized droppings dry quickly (unlike cow patties) so you don’t have to watch where you step and they naturally fertilize your yard.

If you don’t want to own goats to perform this service, there are places where you can rent them. I have heard good things about ELM Goats in San Diego, but likely wherever you live also has this service.

Solarize your weeds

It is essentially the same process that I described for killing your lawn. The good news about this option is that it kills the seeds and there is very little effort involved. Note that this method works best in full sun.

  1. Water your weeds.
  2. Get a large sheet of black plastic.
  3. Lay it over the area where you would like to kill the weeds.
  4. place heavy objects or rocks so it won’t blow around.
  5. Wait several weeks for the sun to kill your weeds then remove plastic and mulch area for the next year.

I am curious if you have methods that you have found helpful in removing weeds from your yard. Please add it as a comment below.

Last weekend, I went to our local garden center and attended a class on how to use ladybugs and other beneficial insects in the garden. I am excited to share what I learned! 

The garden center is a local chain called Armstrong. Their prices are higher than the wholesale nursery that I love, but they have unique things and very kind and knowledgeable staff. This is the first class that I went to, but it will not be my last!

As a kid, we would try and save ladybugs from our pool and put them in the flower bed so that they would eat the aphids that congregated on them. I learned that they eat even more than that though. They eat all sorts of bugs that can invade or infest plants in ways that we try to prevent.

Ladybugs for sale to release into the garden
Ladybugs for sale to release into the garden

Bugs Ladybugs eat

  • Aphids
  • Mealybugs
  • Whitefly
  • Moth Eggs
  • Mites
  • Scales
  • Thrips
  • Leif Hoppers
  • Chinch Bugs
  • Other soft-bodied insects
ladybugs for sale
Ladybugs for sale

So why wouldn’t you just use sprays to kill the bugs instead?

Their are a few problems with sprays. The first is that at least 90% of the bugs in the garden do great things that help it. Chemical sprays don’t distinguish and kill off everything. This throws your garden ecosystem put of wack. And you know what is crazy? There are some strains of bugs that you are trying to remove, strains of White Flies for example, that have become resistant to the chemical sprays. So you would kill off the beneficial bugs and only be left with those you were trying to remove in the first place. Pest management needs to be more about management and less about extermination because extermination is nearly impossible.

If you go the route of inviting the predators into your garden, there is no built up immunity to that! You may not irradicate them, but you can maintain an acceptable level of garden pest.

Recently there has been links between certain prolonged exposure with chemicals like round up and certain types of cancer. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/19/business/monsanto-roundup-cancer.html

While studies still need to take place to learn more, we know that lady bugs are not going to hurt you or your family. The only thing that needs to worry about them are garden pests.

Ladybugs in the garden tips

How to add ladybugs to your garden

  1. Buy ladybugs from the garden center (or even online)
  2. Plan to release the ladybugs either in the cooler morning or evening
  3. Before you release them, mist your garden. Your ladybugs like water and it will encourage them to stick around longer.
  4. Open the bag and release them around the garden at the base of plants. This time of day they will be slow moving.
releasing ladybugs in the garden

Tips for releasing Ladybugs in your garden

  • If you are not releasing your ladybugs right away, store them in the refrigerator (for up to 3 weeks). Do not freeze your ladybugs.
  • When you do release them, do so at dawn or dusk or on a cloudy day. This increases the likelihood that they might stay around.
  • Irrigate your plants because with lots of food and water, they will start to reproduce as soon as they are released.
  • Release the ladybugs at the base of your plant or on your plant. They will start to climb up in search of food.
  • You can release them all at one time or spread it our over a few days.
  • To keep lady bugs around, you want to give them a home they makes them want to stay. You will need a bit of water, places for them to hide in, and a food for them to eat.
Larval stage of a lady bug
Larval stage of a lady bug. Don’t squash this bug!
Happy ladybugs in the garden
lady bugs are multiplying
After a few days, I can still spot them, and they appear to be multiplying!

Also, check out my school garden lesson on beneficial bugs and releasing ladybugs at school.

There is not too much involved in caring for your houseplants if you have the right houseplant in the right place. You need to water it semi-regularly (remember under-watering is always better than over-watering your houseplants). You will need to feed your houseplant on occasion too  (again less is more). To help your houseplant really shine it could use a little extra love. I feel that these things are not always needed, but are really like houseplant bonus points. Plus, they have the added benefit of spotting problems that your plant may have before it becomes a bigger issue.

Like everything in your domicile, houseplants could stand with a little dusting from time to time. Dust can prevent light from being absorbed by the leaves. In the sterile household environment (more sterile that nature anyway), that extra sunlight could help a great deal. The great news is that doing this is not that difficult.

Ways to dust your houseplants

Extra care for fuzzy or spiky plants
These plants don’t do well with overhead water or touch (like African Violets). The best way to clean them is by dusting off their leaves with a paintbrush. It actually is kind of fun and is a great activity for kids provided they can resist the spikes of spiky plants.

Give them a shower with the hose *
If you have access to a hose, put it on a gentle setting and then spray them down thoroughly. Then you can dry the leaves with a soft cloth (or not really). Let the plant dry out of the sun so that the leaves don’t get burn.

Set them out in the rain *
This has an added benefit of watering the plants with rainwater (which they LOVE) and it does the same to clean the leaves and remove dust, pollen, and debris.

Give your houseplants a shower in the actual shower *
Make sure that your plants get showered with lukewarm water. This would actually be a great use of water when you are waiting for the water to heat up for your shower. Just keep them outside of the shower during your shower so that they don’t get super hot water and soap on them.

Wipe down the leaves by hand
I find this method tedious , but it is fine for a small plant sturdy plant (like the snake plant). It is pretty easy though for plants with larger leaves. Take a damp cloth and gently wipe each leaf of your houseplant.

*Caring for your houseplants by watering overhead with a hose, in the shower, or in the rain, it is a good idea to wipe them off with a soft cloth after because sometimes getting too much water on leaves can welcome bacteria and fungi that can lead to leaf spot (black or brown spots on the leaves surrounded by yellow). Getting leaf spot is bad because it can kill an entire leaf. Know that this does not always happen, but “…an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure” (Benjamen Franklin).

geranium brown leaves
It is good to groom your houseplant by removing dead or dying leaves

Groom Your Houseplants

Caring for your houseplants also means keeping them trimmed and looking their best. You may do this anyway when you see something that looks off about your plant, but essentially grooming means, getting rid of the spent booms, trimming off dead leaves so that your houseplant shines. You can do this with regular scissors, gardening shears, or if they are dry enough, you can often remove dead leaves by hand. Removing the old brown leaves prevents them from rotting. This is something that we like in nature, but attracts insects that break down organic material and I know I’m not looking to add those into my home environment.

zz plant in gold container
The ZZ Plant looks great in this trendy gold container.